Batteries for Electric Cars: Components and Cost

The article describes the composition and production of battery packs for electric vehicles, analyzing in detail the main components: cathode (with variants such as NCA, NMC, LFP, and sodium-ion), anode (graphite and silicon), electrolyte (liquid and solid), and separator. It then compares different types of cells—cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch—highlighting advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost, energy density, and resistance. Finally, the article discusses structural battery packs, integrating the battery into the car's frame, and the implications for repair and quality control.