Ep.10 | Ögedei Khan’s First Conquest | History of the Mongols | Podcast

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Northern China is on its last legs. In 1231-1234 Ögedei Khan unleashes Tolui, Subutai, and the full might of the Mongol Empire against the once mighty Jurchen Jin Empire. Watch how decisive victories at Sanfeng Mountain, a year-long siege of Kaifeng, and the tragic loss of Emperor Aizong bring a 100-year dynasty crashing down, while setting the stage for the doomed Southern Song.

In this episode we cover:

• Ögedei’s first major campaign and why the Jin briefly outfoxed him

• The Loyal & Filial Army and the shock Mongol defeats at Tongguan and Daohuigu• Tolui’s brutal winter march through Song territory and the snow-storm ambush that changed everything

• Subutai’s ruthless engineering at Kaifeng, gunpowder, sappers, and a starving million-strong city

• Emperor Aizong’s last days, the fall of Caizhou, and the immediate collapse of the Jin-Song alliance

• How the victory freed Mongol armies for new conquests westward, and sparked a 40-year war with the Southern Song

If you’re fascinated by steppe strategy, medieval siege tech, or the rise of the largest land empire in history, you won’t want to miss this deep dive into the Jin Dynasty’s final stand.