What is Depression? An Investigation Into What Leads to Change

What is Depression? 
In this episode, we discuss the  role of aggression and  'bad introjects' in depression.  We  explore the origins of the critical and aggressive inner voice in depression, which often stems from early caregiver relationships.  I emphasize how  "bad" introjects develop and later in life the impact they have on fueling depression.  A review of several pathways to depression is discussed and I highlight the detrimental effects of ineffective coping mechanisms.  Effective treatment techniques that lead to lasting change are detailed before I conclude with a brief review of previous episodes that delve into the complexities of depression, including shame, emotional detachment, narcissistic merger fantasies, and maladaptive coping mechanisms.

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Dr. Anthony Mazzella is a psychoanalyst and psychodynamic psychotherapist specializing in narcissism, personality disorders, and relational dynamics.