Qianlong's empire shines as a beacon of both martial might and cultural splendor, yet its mirrored glory hides truths too fragile for celestial ambitions.
Time Period Covered:
~1770-1799CE
Major Historical Figures:
Qing Empire:
The Qianlong Emperor (Aisin-Gioro Hongli) [r. 1735–1796, d. 1799]
Grand Councillor Heshen [1750-1799]
Great Britain:
Lord George Macartney (1737-1806)
Major Sources Cited:
Bland, J.O.P. and Lord Edmund Backhouse. Annals and Memoirs of the Court at Peking.
Fairbank, John King, and Denis Twitchett, eds. The Cambridge History of China, Volume 9, Part 1: The Ch'ing Empire to 1800.
Perdue, Peter. China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia.
Woodside, Alexander. The Qing in the Age of Confucian Empire.
Yuan, Wei. Shengwu ji (Sacred Military Achievements).
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En liten tjänst av I'm With Friends. Finns även på engelska.