Jerusalem 70 CE: The Roman Siege That Erased the Second Temple

In the sweltering summer of 70 CE, the Roman army under Titus Flavius Vespasianus — soon to be Emperor Titus — breached the walls of Jerusalem after a brutal five-month siege. By the time the smoke cleared, the Second Temple, the spiritual and political heart of Jewish life, lay in ruins. This episode walks through the final days of the rebellion: the desperate factions inside the city (Simon bar Giora, John of Gischala, the Zealots), the Roman battering rams at the Antonia Fortress, the accidental fire that consumed the Temple, and the aftermath — the enslavement of tens of thousands, the destruction of the city, and the transformation of Judaism from a Temple-based cult into a rabbinic tradition. Drawing on Josephus's 'The Jewish War' and later rabbinic accounts, we explore what was lost, what survived, and how this single event reshaped the religious landscape of the Middle East for millennia.

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