Nepal's 1950s Land Reform: The King Who Tried to Break the Zamindars
In the aftermath of the 1951 revolution that ended Rana rule, King Tribhuvan and his government attempted a radical transformation of Nepal's feudal land system. This episode explores the Land Reform Act of 1951, which aimed to abolish zamindari, birta, jagir, and rahan tenures, and to end forced labor (beth-begari). We follow the struggle between reformers like Matrika Prasad Koirala and Khadga Man Singh against entrenched landlords, the resistance that stalled implementation, and the ultimate legacy of incomplete reform that persisted into the Panchayat era. Featuring details on the abolition of slaves (kamaiya and balighare), the role of the Mukti Sena in rural uprisings, and the quiet opposition from Rana-era zamindars who retained power through the 1950s. A nuanced look at how land ownership shaped Nepal's modern politics and social structure.
#Nepal #LandReform #Zamindari #Birta #Jagir #1951 #KingTribhuvan #MatrikaPrasadKoirala #KhadgaManSingh #MuktiSena #RanaRegime #Panchayat #Feudalism #Terai #Kamaiya #BethBegari #History #FexingoHistory
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