The First Romanian State: Gelou, Glad, and Menumorut

This episode of The History of Romania dives into the shadowy 9th and 10th centuries, exploring the earliest recorded Romanian polities. Lucas and Luna discuss the enigmatic figures of Gelou, Glad, and Menumorut, whose realms are described in the 13th-century Gesta Hungarorum. We examine the debate over whether these are genuine historical figures or literary inventions, the evidence for Vlach (Romanian) continuity in Transylvania, and the political landscape before the Hungarian conquest. Key sources, including the Gesta and place-name evidence, are weighed. The episode also touches on the voivodates of Transylvania, the role of the Byzantine Empire, and the emergence of a distinct Romanian identity in the Carpathian Basin. A must-listen for anyone interested in the origins of Romania and the contested history of medieval Eastern Europe.

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