How Russia’s First Constitution Failed
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In this episode, we explore the short-lived but radical 1906 Fundamental Laws of the Russian Empire. While often overshadowed by the later Soviet experiments, this document represented a genuine attempt to modernize autocracy through constitutional monarchy. We trace how Tsar Nicholas II reluctantly created the State Duma under pressure from the 1905 Revolution, only to undermine its power almost immediately. The conversation examines the tension between the elected representatives and the Imperial government, focusing on key figures like Sergei Witte and Petr Stolypin. You will learn why the first two Dumas were dissolved within months, how the electoral laws were rigged to favor the nobility, and why this failure set the stage for the total collapse of the Romanov dynasty in 1917. It is a story of missed opportunities, political miscalculation, and the dangerous illusion that you can share power without truly relinquishing it.
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