Argentina 1880–1914: The Golden Age of the Generación del Ochenta

Between 1880 and 1914, Argentina experienced an economic boom so spectacular that by 1910 it was one of the world's ten richest nations. This episode explores the era of the Generación del Ochenta — the elite that shaped the country's export-led model. We trace the expansion of railroads, the rise of wheat and beef exports, the flood of European immigration, and the contradictions of a society that promised progress but deepened inequality. Key figures include Julio Argentino Roca, the president who consolidated the nation after the Desert Campaign; Carlos Pellegrini, the economic architect; and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento's vision of civilization versus barbarism. We also examine the darker side: the suppression of labor movements, the exclusion of indigenous and rural populations, and the growing gap between Buenos Aires and the interior. By 1914, Argentina was a rising star, but its foundations were fragile — setting the stage for the crises of the twentieth century.

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