Argentina 1930: The Coup That Ended an Era

In 1930, Argentina experienced its first military coup of the 20th century, toppling the democratically elected president Hipólito Yrigoyen. This episode unpacks the coup's context: the Great Depression's impact on Argentina's export economy, Yrigoyen's aging and ineffective leadership, and the rise of nationalist and fascist ideas among young military officers like José Félix Uriburu. We explore the 'Década Infame' that followed, the rise of the Radical Civic Union's internal fractures, and how this event set the stage for decades of political instability. Key figures include Yrigoyen, Uriburu, and the poet Leopoldo Lugones, who justified the coup in a famous speech. We also touch on the role of the Argentine oligarchy and the British Empire's influence through the Roca-Runciman Pact. A crucial turning point in Argentine history, the 1930 coup marks the beginning of a cycle of military interventions that would shape the nation for the rest of the century.

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