Argentina's 1880 Federalization: The Birth of Buenos Aires as Capital

In 1880, after decades of civil war between Buenos Aires and the interior, Argentina finally resolved its most bitter conflict: where to put the national capital. This episode follows the Federalization of Buenos Aires, a deal that turned the largest city into a federal district, ending the porteño monopoly on customs revenue and presidential power. We explore the figure of Julio Argentino Roca, who orchestrated the compromise after crushing a rebellion; the role of Carlos Tejedor, the last porteño leader to resist; and the Law of Federalization that redrew the map. Along the way, we touch on the irony that Buenos Aires Province lost its capital city, founding La Plata as a new planned capital in 1882. This is a story of how Argentina's modern state was forged through blood, negotiation, and a very literal redrawing of boundaries.

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