Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah and the Rise of Johor

This episode explores the life and legacy of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II, the founder of the Johor Sultanate. After the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511, the Malay world was in turmoil. Alauddin fled to the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula and established a new sultanate at Johor Lama. We delve into his strategic alliances with the Dutch and the Acehnese, the Tripartite Struggle for control of the Straits of Malacca, and the eventual decline of Johor's power. Key figures include the Portuguese governor Afonso de Albuquerque, the Acehnese sultan Alauddin al-Kahar, and the Dutch admiral Cornelis Matelief. The episode also covers the role of the Orang Laut sea nomads as Johor's navy, the construction of Kota Johor Lama, and the eventual fall of Johor Lama in 1587. This is a story of survival, diplomacy, and the forging of a new Malay identity in the face of colonial encroachment.

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