The Andijan Uprising of 1898 and the Rise of Dukchi Ishan

In May 1898, a Sufi mystic named Muhammad Ali ibn Sulton, better known as Dukchi Ishan, led a rebellion in the Ferghana Valley that briefly rattled Russian colonial rule in Turkestan. This episode explores the religious, economic, and political currents that fueled the uprising — from the dispossession of local landholders by Russian cotton plantations to the millenarian expectations surrounding a holy man who claimed to have visions of the Prophet. We trace the attack on the Russian garrison at Andijan, the swift suppression by General Nikolai Korolkov, and the show trial that followed. Dukchi Ishan was hanged, but his movement foreshadowed the larger 1916 revolt and revealed the deep fractures in tsarist governance. We also examine how Russian ethnographers and officials interpreted the uprising through the lens of 'fanaticism' versus legitimate grievances, and the legacy of the Andijan revolt in Uzbek national memory under Soviet rule and today.

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