The Khanate of Kokand: Central Asia's Last Independent Khanate

Before the Russian conquest, the Khanate of Kokand was the last major independent power in Central Asia, rivaling Bukhara and Khiva. This episode traces its rise from a small Ferghana Valley khanate under Shahrukh Bi of the Ming dynasty of Uzbeks to a sprawling state that controlled Tashkent, the Ferghana Valley, and parts of the Syr Darya basin. We explore its cosmopolitan capital Kokand, with its famed palaces, madrasas, and the Jami Mosque built by Umar Khan. We discuss the role of the Kipchak and Sart factions, the rivalry with Bukhara and Khiva, and the internal strife that weakened it. The episode culminates in the Russian annexation of Kokand in 1876, after the defeat of Khudayar Khan and the rebellion of his son Nasruddin, and the rise of the Ferghana Oblast. We also touch on the legacy of Kokand as a center of Jadid reform and the short-lived Kokand Autonomy of 1917.

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