ELI5 Shipping Containers - how do they not fall off?

How do cargo ship containers not topple over in rough seas? What’s the secret as to how they all stick together? How did they all become standard sizes? Who was the ‘father of containerization’ and how did he get things to change so rapidly?

... we explain like I'm five

Thank you to the r/explainlikeimfive community and in particular the following users whose questions and comments formed the basis of this discussion: grayfield, boewle, nebbie13, kiwiloverbutallergic, fish-fingered and cardiparti

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