Podd: History 102 with WhatifAltHist's Rudyard Lynch and Austin Padgett

Explaining the Pax Romana

15 maj 2025 | 119 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett discuss the Pax Romana—a 200-year period of Mediterranean peace from Emperor Augustus to Marcus Aurelius.

They explore Rome's governance evolution, imperial degeneracy, cultural transitions, technological stagnation, and Christianity's rise. The conversation examines Rome's remarkable longevity while drawing parallels to modern empires and cyclical historical patterns.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive.

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION

The Pax Romana was an unprecedented 200-year period of Mediterranean peace from Emperor Augustus (40 BCE) to Marcus Aurelius (180 CE)
Augustus (formerly Octavian) transformed Rome from republic to empire while maintaining republican facades; he streamlined bureaucracy, reduced taxes, and created effective governance systems
Roman emperors exhibited varying leadership qualities - from effective rulers like Augustus and Claudius to notorious figures like Caligula and Nero
The empire maintained stability through decentralized governance, allowing local nobles to rule their regions while Roman field armies secured strategic points
Despite imperial excess at the top, most citizens experienced an economic golden age with improved standards of living
Roman society featured remarkable similarities to modern issues: inequality, welfare dependency, urban poverty, and moral debates
The empire gradually shifted from republican ideals to oriental despotism, with emperor worship becoming increasingly mandatory
Rome experienced technological and cultural stagnation despite its military prowess and territorial control
Christianity emerged as Romans lost faith in their traditional religious systems, eventually transforming Roman civilization more profoundly than political changes
Rome's adaptability was its greatest strength, allowing it to reinvent itself repeatedly under different leadership structures before its eventual decline

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Latino History

8 maj 2025 | 115 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett discuss Latino history through a geopolitical and cultural lens.

They analyze Latin America's development across five distinct regions, exploring how Spanish colonial structures, cultural dynamics, and economic dependencies have shaped the continent's political evolution from aristocratic republics to military dictatorships and emerging democracies.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive.

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION

Latin America encompasses all seven emotional-psychological frameworks in the hosts' cultural model.
Geography shaped settlement patterns, with major cities built in highlands for temperate climates.
African diseases devastated native populations, altering tropical region habitability.
The hosts divide Latin America geographically (Spanish vs. Portuguese colonies) and racially.
Mexico is statistically closest to the global median of anthropological patterns.
The region evolved politically from aristocratic republics to military dictatorships to democracies.
Spanish colonial institutions created extractive systems that prevented property rights development.
A dozen families often control most of the economy in many Latin American countries.
The hosts identify five distinct regions: Mexico, Caribbean basin, Andes, Southern Cone, and Brazil.
Latin America historically depended on Spain/Portugal, then Britain, then America, and now increasingly China.
Argentina and El Salvador show potential for breaking historical patterns of corruption.
Most Latin American countries struggle with lack of trust, weak property rights, and bloated bureaucracies.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Mexican History

28 april 2025 | 126 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explore Mexican history from pre-colonial Mesoamerican civilizations through Spanish conquest to modern times.

They examines cultural evolution, governance challenges, and social transformations while highlighting how geographic, racial, and colonial legacies shaped Mexico's development.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive.

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION

Pre-Colonial Mesoamerica

Mexico has the longest continuous history in North America, with sites like Monte Alban dating back to at least 500 BCE
The Olmec were the first major Mesoamerican civilization (around 1200 BCE)
Mesoamerican civilizations developed advanced calendars likely to predict El Niño cycles that affected agriculture

Colonial Period

The Spanish conquest under Cortés was rapid (less than two years) and devastating
Spanish colonial society developed a rigid caste system with peninsulares (Spanish-born) at the top, then criollos (American-born Spaniards), mestizos (mixed), and indios (indigenous) at the bottom
The Spanish monarchy, nobility, and church formed the power structure, with natives being infantilized and protected but denied power

Mexican Independence and 19th Century

Mexico's independence movement wasn't as unified as the American Revolution and resulted in much more bloodshed
The country split between conservatives (pro-monarchy, pro-church, pro-capitalism) and liberals (anti-church, anti-monarchy, pro-centralization)
The Mexican-American War resulted in Mexico losing about half its territory

Modern Mexico (20th-21st Century)

Porfirio Díaz's 30-year rule stabilized Mexico and brought industrialization but increased inequality
Mexico has strong regional differences: the north is more European/industrialized, the central region was the old Aztec core, and the south is more indigenous
Drug cartels have created significant violence and governance challenges

US-Mexico Relations

Commercial and cultural influence from the US has profoundly changed Mexican society
Maquiladoras (border factories) have become economic engines
Nearshoring manufacturing from Asia to Mexico is becoming increasingly important
Mexico and the US have complementary demographics (younger/older populations)

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Native American History

21 april 2025 | 122 min

Explaining Frontier Era America

14 april 2025 | 107 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett dive deep into the American frontier era (1790-1890) and examine how diverse cultural groups shaped westward expansion. Through personal anecdotes and historical analysis, they explore how regional identities and ecological changes forged the American character and transformed a continental power into a global empire.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE | BREX

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

Ready to take your startup to the next level? Visit https://www.brex.com/grow to join the 30,000+ companies already streamlining their finances with Brex. Get high-yield banking, smart expense management, and scalable financial tools designed specifically for founders who want to focus on building, not bookkeeping.

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION

Timeframe and Geographic Scope: The American frontier era spans 1790-1890, during which America expanded from the Appalachian Mountains to the West Coast.

Cultural Migrations: The hosts discuss how distinct regional cultures (New England Yankees, Quakers/Mid-Atlantic, Scots-Irish, and Southern Cavaliers) migrated westward, creating cultural corridors across the continent.

Ecological Changes: Exploration of how Americans transformed the landscape, from mass buffalo hunting to forest clearing, and how wilderness is actually expanding in modern America.

Cowboy Culture: The brief 20-year window of cowboy culture, its similarities to Central Asian herding peoples, and its place within the larger industrialized system.

Mormon Settlement: The unique case of Mormon migration and settlement as a centrally-managed theocracy, driven westward by persecution.

Technology and Agricultural Development: How technological innovations like barbed wire and specialized plows enabled settlement of the Great Plains, previously considered unfarmable.

Andrew Jackson: His role as an emblematic frontier figure who transformed American politics and defeated the old East Coast aristocracy.

Territorial Acquisition: The process of acquiring western territories through the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican-American War.

Transition to Empire: How the closing of the frontier coincided with America's transition to becoming a global empire, with overseas expansion beginning shortly after.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the British Empire

7 april 2025 | 115 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett examine the British Empire as history's largest colonial enterprise, analyzing its evolution from America-focused beginnings to India-centered expansion. hey consider the empire's contradictions—brutal exploitation alongside institutional development—while drawing connections between imperial strategies and modern geopolitical realities that continue to shape our world.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE | BREX

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

Ready to take your startup to the next level? Visit https://www.brex.com/grow to join the 30,000+ companies already streamlining their finances with Brex. Get high-yield banking, smart expense management, and scalable financial tools designed specifically for founders who want to focus on building, not bookkeeping.

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION

Global Scale and Impact: How the British Empire became history's largest empire, spanning every continent and time zone, with a disproportionate influence on global development.

First vs. Second Empire: The transition from the "First British Empire" (focused on America) to the "Second British Empire" (centered on India) after 1763.

Colonial Diversity: The varied approaches to colonization across Ireland, America, India, and Africa, showing different colonial strategies.

India as Empire Center: How India became the heart of the Second British Empire, with 80% of the empire's population and strategic importance that shaped British global policy.

Naval Dominance: Britain's success as a "water empire" built on naval supremacy and strategic control of ports and shipping routes worldwide.

Cultural Exchange: The complex cultural influences flowing both ways, with Britain shaping colonies while being transformed by its imperial experience.

Economic Evolution: The British Empire's foundation in trading companies and capitalism before transitioning to greater governmental control.

Anticlimactic End: How World War I and II led to Britain's decline and the relatively peaceful dissolution of most of the empire.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Victorian Britain

4 april 2025 | 93 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett discuss Victorian Britain as a pivotal historical era characterized by unprecedented innovation, social change, and global influence.

They analyze how a small nation drove massive technological and intellectual developments while balancing competing societal forces - scientific rationalism versus romanticism. This episode examines Victorian cultural values, industrialization's impacts, and how this era constructed modern institutions before ultimately collapsing with World War I, suggesting parallels between Victorian challenges and contemporary societal tensions.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS

Innovation from a Small Nation: How Victorian Britain sparked disproportionate global innovation through scientific, technological, and philosophical breakthroughs.
Competing Forces: The tension between utilitarian/scientific thinking versus romantic/subjective elements in Victorian society.
Industrial Transformation: Britain's evolution from rural to urban life and the resulting social and economic impacts.
Institutional Foundations: How Victorian economic and cultural institutions were later built upon by the 20th century "managerial state."
Challenging Stereotypes: Reassessing common perceptions of Victorians as prudish and emotionless.
Navigating Social Tensions: Britain's successful approach to reform that prevented revolution.
The World War I Endpoint: How the Great War destroyed Victorian social trust and optimism.
Historical Parallels: Connections between Victorian challenges and contemporary societal issues.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Age of Exploration

18 mars 2025 | 100 min

Explaining African Colonialism

13 mars 2025 | 97 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett present a critique of the lasting social, cultural, and economic changes that emerged from the 1960s, with particular focus on how these changes continue to shape modern African society.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DISCUSSION:

Africa's Geography and Disease Environment:

Africa's massive size is emphasized (larger than China, America, India, and Western Europe combined)
The equatorial regions had devastating diseases (malaria, yellow fever, sleeping sickness) that limited population density
European colonizers faced 80% mortality rates in regions like Nigeria due to these diseases

Pre-Colonial African Context:

Muslim kingdoms and trade networks existed across the Sahel region for centuries before European colonization
Arab traders and Omani empire controlled the east coast of Africa
Africa had significantly lower population density than Europe until modern medicine arrived

Phases of European Colonization:

Early phase (1500s-1850s): Primarily coastal forts for slave trading and resupplying
Scramble for Africa (1880s-1910): Rapid carving up of the entire continent
Most of Africa was colonized for a relatively short period (roughly 60 years)

Economic Reality of Colonialism:

European powers invested more in Africa than they extracted economically
Only a few colonies (South Africa, Togo) were profitable
Africa represented less than 1% of British foreign trade at colonialism's peak

Different Colonial Approaches:

British: Prioritized self-governance, local institutions, and law
French: Focused on cultural assimilation and equality through French identity
Belgians: Emphasized social development after the Leopold atrocities
Portuguese: Maintained more exploitative practices

South Africa as a Special Case:

Developed as a settler colonial society similar to Australia/Canada
Conflict between British and Boers (Dutch settlers)
Discussion of apartheid and its legacy

Post-Colonial Challenges:

Artificial borders created by European powers causing ongoing conflicts
Resource extraction infrastructure designed to take wealth out of Africa
First generation of post-colonial leaders trained in Western universities with socialist ideologies

Legacy and Future Prospects:

Discussion of how British colonial institutions provided some advantages over other colonial systems
Africa's potential to develop new forms of civilization due to not being constrained by historical patterns
The role of Christianity in Africa's future development

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the 1960s

3 mars 2025 | 96 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett present a conservative critique of the lasting social, cultural, and economic changes that emerged from the 1960s, with particular focus on how these changes continue to shape modern American society.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Historical Significance of the 1960s

The hosts position the 1960s as the most culturally important decade in Western history, comparable to how the 1910s (with World War I) defined 20th century politics
They describe the cultural shift as being "on the scale of the foundation of a new religion" that has never been honestly examined

The Managerial Class and Bureaucratization

Discussion of how bureaucracy gained sociological dominance during this period
Analysis of how bureaucracy standardizes people, crushes ethnic differences, and stands against organic traditions and religion

Economic and Social Changes

The prosperity of post-WWII America creating conditions for social experimentation
The turning point of 1971 (leaving the gold standard) and subsequent economic stagnation
How regulations led to corporate consolidation (from top companies controlling 20% of markets in the 1960s to 80% today)

Cultural Revolution and Its Consequences

The birth control pill as a transformative technology comparable to the atom bomb
How the 1960s counterculture became the establishment, with those who were once rebels now enforcing conformity

The Black Community and Civil Rights

Complex analysis of how the black community changed after the 1960s
Discussion of pre-1960s black economic advancement and family structure
The Civil Rights Movement's success in ending Jim Crow but discussion of unintended consequences

Spirituality and Consciousness

How psychedelics influenced modern culture and art
Discussion of Eastern religions' influence and how they were often misinterpreted

Generational Analysis

Critical examination of "boomerism" as a comprehensive worldview
How the social shifts of the 1960s were primarily driven by elite university students but eventually spread throughout society
The hypocrisy of generational values shifting based on self-interest

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the 1950s

24 februari 2025 | 88 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett analyze the 1950s challenges common narratives, exploring how post-WWII trauma, technological advancement, and social transformation shaped modern Western society. Through detailed historical analysis, they deconstruct popular misconceptions about the era's conservatism, examining its complex relationship with materialism, bureaucracy, and cultural change.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST: Second Opinion

Join Christina Farr, Ash Zenooz and Luba Greenwood as they bring influential entrepreneurs, experts and investors into the ring for candid conversations at the frontlines of healthcare and digital health every week.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0A8NwQE976s32zdBbZw6bv

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/second-opinion-with-christina-farr-ash-zenooz-md-luba/id1759267211

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@SecondOpinionwithChristinaFarr

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Post-WWII Society & Psychology

The 1950s represented profound psychological changes after WWII trauma
The WWII generation coddled their children (the boomers) to shield them from hardship
Society had unprecedented prosperity but underlying nihilism
Nuclear warfare anxiety significantly shaped the era's mindset

Government & Institution Changes

Massive expansion of state power and bureaucracy
Creation of key federal institutions (FBI, CIA)
High tax rates (90% top rate, though with many loopholes)
Shift in executive branch power due to nuclear age requirements

Cultural Identity

Not as traditionally conservative as commonly portrayed
More materialistic and state-oriented than previous eras
Marked the beginning of "blue pill" era - a society based on platitudes
Women's roles were uniquely constrained compared to previous eras

Global Context

America became the dominant global cultural force
Western Europe's decline as a cultural power
Formation of the European Union under American influence
Beginning of decolonization movements

Social Structure

Highest standard of living in human history to that point
Strong social mobility and relative equality
Unprecedented urban population shift
Cultural standardization through television and mass media

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Origins of Science

19 februari 2025 | 77 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett examine science's historical development, challenging conventional narratives by tracing its roots in Christian philosophy and ancient traditions. The hosts analyze how empirical methodology transformed into modern "scientism," arguing that contemporary society has abandoned true scientific inquiry for ideology-driven selectivity, placing these intellectual shifts within broader historical patterns of knowledge systems.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Science developed from Christian philosophy and ancient traditions rather than in opposition to them
The Catholic Church historically funded and supported scientific development before later tensions arose
Different civilizations throughout history had fundamentally different worldviews than modern Western perspectives
Modern society practices "scientism" (using scientific language selectively to justify predetermined beliefs) rather than actual science
Science works best as an arbitration method but struggles with contextual understanding and moral questions
Hermeticism and mystical traditions played a significant role in early scientific thought that's often overlooked
The separation of religion from science was a historical development rather than an inherent opposition
Modern institutions frequently claim scientific authority while actually operating on ideological premises

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Iron Age

12 februari 2025 | 91 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett discuss how the adoption of iron weapons and tools democratized warfare, disrupted Bronze Age aristocracies, and facilitated new social structures and philosophical movements. They analyze parallel developments in Greece, Persia, India, and China, examining how iron technology catalyzed cultural changes, religious innovations, and new forms of governance between roughly 1200-200 BCE.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

Iron Age Context

Followed Bronze Age collapse (~1000 BCE)
Iron was more abundant and accessible than bronze
Democratized warfare and society

Military Impact

Enabled cheaper armor and better infantry weapons
Undermined aristocratic chariot warfare
Empowered frontier societies

Cultural Changes

Sparked major philosophical/religious movements
Rise of Greek philosophy, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism
Led to "Axial Age" innovations

Geographic Spread

Similar developments across Eurasia
Parallel changes in Greece, Persia, India, China

New empires rose as old ones fell

Social Evolution

Development of monetary systems
Rise of merchant classes
Created tension between traditional and commercial values

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Bronze Age Collapse

14 januari 2025 | 97 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explore how an interconnected world of chariot-riding elites, complex trade networks, and temple bureaucracies imploded within a single generation. From mysterious Sea Peoples to the rise of iron weapons, they unpack how this collapse birthed a new heroic age that gave us the Greeks, Jews, and Persians.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Notion offers powerful workflow and automation templates, perfect for streamlining processes and laying the groundwork for AI-driven automation. With Notion AI, you can search across thousands of documents from various platforms, generating highly relevant analysis and content tailored just for you - try it for free at https://notion.com/upstreampod

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

Scale of the Collapse (1200 BC)

Happened within a 20-year period
Wiped out most civilizations except Egypt and Mesopotamia
Affected regions from India to Greece
Destroyed highly complex, interconnected societies

Pre-Collapse Civilization

Advanced trade networks (tin from Britain/Afghanistan, amber from Poland)
Complex diplomatic relationships between kingdoms
Sophisticated bureaucracies and palace cultures
Major powers included Hittites, Mycenaeans, Egyptians, Babylonians

Key Contributing Factors

Military technology shift from chariots to iron weapons
Complex interconnected systems becoming vulnerable
Social inequality and oppressive temple-based bureaucracies
Climate change (cooling period)
The mysterious "Sea Peoples" invasion

Post-Collapse Impact

Emergence of new civilizations (Greeks, Jews, Phoenicians)
Shift from centralized to localized power structures
Birth of new cultural and religious systems
Changed military and social organization fundamentally

Historical Context

Comparable to Maya collapse in some aspects
Marked the end of the first major civilizational cycle
Led to the "Heroic Age" remembered in Greek mythology
Created opportunity for new social systems to emerge

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Ancient Israel

8 januari 2025 | 105 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett

explore how ancient Israel, despite its small size, revolutionized human thought through monotheism. They discuss how Jewish identity emerged from the intersection of various civilizations, developed through cycles of conquest and resistance, and ultimately shaped major world religions - all while drawing thought-provoking parallels to other historical patterns and modern phenomena.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

Small Groups, Big Impact

Ancient Israel, though only the size of New Jersey, made one of history's most significant breakthroughs with monotheism
Their influence persists despite their relatively small population (around 15 million people today)

Geographic and Cultural Position

Israel was situated at a crucial crossroads between Europe, Asia, and Africa
This position exposed them to multiple civilizations' influences (Egyptian, Babylonian, Persian, Greek)
Their frontier position allowed them to synthesize different religious and philosophical ideas

Historical Development

Emerged during/after the Bronze Age collapse
Experienced cycles of independence and conquest under various empires
The Babylonian exile was particularly formative for Jewish identity and religious practice

Religious Innovation

Breakthrough to monotheism was a major departure from surrounding polytheistic cultures
Developed strong moral codes and social structures through the Torah
Prophet tradition developed as a way to maintain social cohesion and moral standards

Cultural Resilience

Developed strategies for maintaining identity under foreign rule
Used suffering and setbacks as opportunities for introspection and adaptation
Created lasting institutional and cultural practices that enabled survival in diaspora

Social Evolution

Shifted from tribal society to kingdom to dispersed cultural group
Developed sophisticated legal and ethical systems
Created mechanisms for preserving identity without territorial control

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining Medieval Asia

30 december 2024 | 74 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett examine the medieval decline of Asia, analyzing how regions that were once the world's centers of culture, economics, and technology—particularly China, India, and the Islamic world—gradually lost their dominance between 1000-1500 AD.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: GIVEWELL | SELECTQUOTE

GiveWell spends 50,000 hours every year doing deep-dives into different charitable programs to try to find the ways to do the most good for your dollar. GiveWell has now spent over 17 years researching charitable organizations and only directs funding to a few of the HIGHEST-IMPACT opportunities they’ve found. Visit https://www.givewell.org to find out more or make a donation. Select PODCAST and enter Econ 102 at checkout to make sure they know you heard about them from us.

Finding the right life insurance shouldn't be another task you put off. SelectQuote compares top-rated policies to get you the best coverage at the right price. Even in our AI-driven world, protecting your family's future remains essential. Get your personalized quote at https://selectquote.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

Asia as the world's center of power (1000 AD):

Asia was the world's center of power: culturally, economically, and technologically
Four major civilizations discussed: Europe, Middle East, India, and China
European cities couldn't compare to Asian capitals like Cordoba, Baghdad, or Hangzhou

China's Transformation:

Song Dynasty was world's wealthiest but lost military advantage
An Lushan Rebellion (8th century) marked crucial turning point
Bureaucratic control increased under Confucian influence
Missed industrial revolution opportunity despite having necessary preconditions
Declined due to bureaucratic stultification and resistance to change

Islamic World's Evolution:

Golden age around 1000 AD with advanced science and learning
Decline began after Abbasid Caliphate's fall
Loss of Mediterranean control (especially Sicily) to Europeans
Population decrease in key regions
Mameluke rule in Egypt led to significant urban decline
Transformation from secular, capitalist society to more conservative one

Indian Developments:

Early cultural "fossilization" compared to other regions
Caste system became more rigid
Religious focus intensified over military/practical concerns
Muslim conquests significantly impacted the region
Limited historical records make precise study difficult

Impact of Mongol Invasions:

Devastated multiple regions, especially Central Asia
Killed approximately 30 million in northern China
Destroyed major urban centers that never recovered
Changed social structures in conquered territories
Led to increased social conservatism across Asia

Decline of Innovation and Creativity (By 1600):

Asia consolidated into "Gunpowder Empires"
Ming Dynasty in China
Mughals in India
Ottomans in Middle East
Despite apparent strength, innovation and creativity had declined
European powers gained technological and military advantages

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining South-East Asian Kingdoms

22 december 2024 | 93 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett talk about Southeast Asia: where ancient slave empires meet modern tech hubs. From Angkor's temples to Singapore's skylines, discover how this crossroads between India and China shaped global trade while maintaining its uniquely fluid cultural identity.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

Geographic & Demographic Context

Southeast Asia historically had low population density compared to India and China
The region is vast: Indonesia alone stretches the distance from London to Kyrgyzstan
Much of current Southeast Asia is essentially the mountaintops of a previously larger landmass before sea levels rose

Cultural Development & Trade

Developed between two major civilizations: India and China
Served as crucial link in global trade, especially luxury goods for Chinese market
Experienced four major civilizational waves: Indian, Chinese, Islamic, and Western

Key Historical States

Khmer Empire (Cambodia) built Angkor Wat, operated as slave state
Vietnam repeatedly resisted Chinese domination (27 invasions over 1000 years)
Thailand (Siam) strategically adopted Western technology
Burma formed through conquest and integration of multiple ethnic groups

Modern Development

Post-WWII Japanese occupation ended European colonial control
Rapid industrialization in recent decades
Different development paths (Thailand's steady growth vs Philippines' struggles)

Cultural Insights

Mountain vs valley people dynamics shaped society
Strong influence of Buddhist monasteries on economic development
Religious conversion (especially Christianity and Islam) played role in resistance movements
Emphasis on collective rather than individual identity

Contemporary Relevance

Region experiencing some of world's fastest economic growth
Dealing with rapid societal changes and modernization
Tension between traditional values and Western influences
Growing strategic importance in international relations

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Silk Road

15 december 2024 | 86 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explores how the Silk Road shaped global civilization through expansive trade networks, cultural exchange, and power dynamics between Europe, the Middle East, India, and China.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Check out Modern Relationships, where Erik Torenberg interviews tech power couples and leading thinkers to explore how ambitious people actually make partnerships work. Founders Fund's Delian Asparouhov and researcher Nadia Asparouhova kick off the series with an unfiltered conversation about their relationship evolution.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1786227593

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5hJzs0gDg6lRT6r10mdpVg

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ModernRelationshipsPod

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

HIGHLIGHTS:

From Authoritarianism to Trade Routes: Setting the Stage

Fascinating discussion of different types of authoritarian states
Historical shifts in gender and violence
Sets up context for Silk Road discussion

China's First Contact: The Quest for Blood-Sweating Horses

Dramatic story of first Chinese explorer to discover other civilizations
Tale of escape from Hunnish bride
Discovery of "white ghosts" in Western China

Disease, Death, and Trade: The Dark Side of Connection

How plagues reshaped civilizations
American near-miss with Bubonic Plague in 1898
How trade routes spread devastating diseases

The Maritime Silk Road: An Ocean of Wealth

Sri Lanka's role as forced stopover for traders
Persian merchants dominating Indian Ocean trade
Southeast Asian kingdoms built on luxury goods

Rise and Fall of Trade Empires

Portuguese conquest of Indian Ocean trade
How 400-man crews took over the world's richest trade system
Decline of Russia from wealth to backwater

The Mongol Factor: Building an Empire on Skulls

How Mongols killed 100 million in pre-industrial world
Creation of Pax Mongolica
Legacy of destruction in Central Asia
Final decline of the Silk Road system

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"The Sea and Civilization" by Lincoln Paine
"Strange Parallels" by Victor Lieberman
"Rome and Persia: The Seven Hundred Year Rivalry" by Adrian Goldsworthy

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ancient Europe

9 december 2024 | 89 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explore the fascinating world of Ancient Europe, from the mysterious megalith builders to the warring Celtic tribes. Listen as they uncover how waves of migration, technological advances, and cultural shifts shaped the continent. Learn how archaeology, genetics, and mythology reveal stories of ancient battles, complex trade networks, and forgotten civilizations that laid the foundation for modern European society.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS

Mesopotamians and indigenous Europeans

Negative psychological pins from the 20th century

Hunter gatherer confederacy and the spread of agriculture

Hunter gatherers vs farmers lifestyle

Threats to modern populations: Supply chain issues, disease, war

Population fluctuations in ancient Europe

Social contracts vs theocracies

Ancient Europe during the last ice age

Genetic differences across Europe

The transition from bronze age to iron age culture

Europe in 500 BC and the dominance of the Celts

The Celtic military strategy and its limitations

The Roman conquest of Gaul and the German migrations

The Baltic Origins of Homer's Tales

The Roman Empire and the Germanic peoples

The Slavic expansion into Eastern Europe

The importance of paternity protection in societal cohesion

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"Ancestral Journeys" by Jean Monko
"Who We Are and How We Got Here" by David Reich

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Medieval Britain

4 december 2024 | 88 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett do a fascinating deep dive into Medieval Britain.

They explore how a tiny population in northwest Europe shaped the modern world. From the fall of Roman Britain to the Norman Conquest, they unpack how the English created their cultural identity, legal code, and political system – innovations that still influence us today. Through Viking invasions, peasant revolts, and epic battles, they reveal how England emerged as one of history's most consequential nations despite its modest size.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS

Three Models of History & Medieval England's Significance

Fall of Roman Britain & The Anglo-Saxon Invasions

King Arthur and the Anglo-Saxon Myth

Anglo-Saxon Conquest: Genetics & Language

Christianity's Role in Medieval Britain

Viking Invasions and the Unification of England

The Norman Conquest & the Rise of Feudalism

The Hundred Years War: England vs. France

(The Wars of the Roses & the Tudor Monarchy

Technological and Economic Advancements in Medieval Britain

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the French Revolution

26 november 2024 | 75 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett talk about the French Revolution and the fascinating parallels between 18th-century French social dynamics and today's political landscape.

From bureaucratic upheaval to radical terror, journey through the chaos that transformed France and birthed modern political divisions. Learn how a centralized monarchy crumbled into revolutionary fervor, spawning new ideas of nationalism, secularism, and total war that would reshape Europe.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

The French Revolution and Secular Cycles

Open and Closed Societies

The French Monarchy and its Attempt to Protect Freedom

The French Enlightenment and Modernity

Causes of the French Revolution

The Internal Conflicts and Instability of the Revolution

The Reign of Terror and the Jacobins

The Napoleonic Wars and their Impact on Europe

The Left and Right in French Politics

Counterfactual History: What if the Fronde had succeeded?

The French Army and National Identity

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"Fire in the Minds of Men" by James Hadley Billington

"The Old Regime and the French Revolution" by Alexis Henri C M Clerel Tocqueville

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the English Civil War

20 november 2024 | 76 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett explore pivotal historical moments about the English Civil War.

They masterfully weave together religious conflict, economic transformation, and cultural dynamics to explain how this crucial conflict shaped modern capitalism, the Industrial Revolution, and even contemporary progressive politics.

Their engaging conversation style makes complex history accessible and relevant.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

TIMESTAMPS:

Introduction and Significance of the English Civil War

The Importance of Engaging with Politics

The English Civil War and its Long-Term Effects

Context: The 16th Century and the Seeds of Conflict

Economic and Religious Factors

Underlying Issues and Symbolism in Conflict

The English Civil War: A Seesaw Conflict

Social Conservatism and the Secular Cycle

The Secular Cycle and its Parallels to Modernity

Escaping Malthusian Traps

The Agricultural Revolution and Property Rights

Trade Restrictions and the Industrial Revolution

The Anglo Diaspora

The Cousin's War and Genetic Factors

Cultural Homogeneity and Genetic Markers

The Role of Monopolies and Religious Divisions

The Spark of the English Civil War

The Course of the War

The Rise of Cromwell and the Interregnum

Cromwell's Rule and Religious Tolerance

The Conquest of Ireland and the British Navy

Anglo-Dutch Wars

The Role of Cambridge and Saxony

Puritanism and Modern Progressivism

Puritanism and Modern Social Justice

The Death of Cromwell and the Restoration

The Glorious Revolution and England's Long Period of Stability

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"History of Western Warfare" (Volume 2) by JFC Fuller

"History of the English Speaking Peoples" (Volume 2) by Winston Churchill

"The Age of Reason Begins" by Will Durant

"Protestants: The Faith That Made the Modern World" by Alec Ryrie

"Albion's Seed" by David Hackett Fischer

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Protestant Reformation

15 november 2024 | 68 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and co-host Austin Padgett talk about the Protestant Reformation, masterfully drawing parallels between historical information technology revolutions (like the printing press) and our current internet age, exploring how such advances fundamentally alter how societies process information and relate to authority.

They offer fresh perspectives on well-worn historical territory, suggesting for instance that the Reformation wasn't just about religious doctrine, but represented a quantum leap in human agency and individualism that helped birth the modern world.

--

📰 Be notified early when Turpentine's drops new publication: https://www.turpentine.co/exclusiveaccess

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@LudwigNverMises (Austin)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

History as psychological/biological process

Importance of psychological shifts in Reformation

Two modern parallels to Reformation

Warhammer Fantasy analogy

Catholic Church's medieval dominance

Carl Jung's analysis of Catholicism

Information technology breakthrough comparison

Gutenberg's printing press invention

Media control in 20th century

Catholic Church's role in literacy

Catholic Church as science investor

Discussion of Cathars and early heresies

Impact of Black Death

Italian Renaissance discussion

Martin Luther's background

Luther's 95 Theses

Introduction of Calvinism

Calvinism and totalitarianism

Spanish attempts to destroy Protestantism

Germanic and English Protestant adoption

Modern elite's Protestant/French Revolution roots

Harvard's Calvinist origins

Left's appropriation of Protestant ideas

Modern rejection of rational inquiry

Elite perspectives on population control

--

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

"The Reformation" by Will Durant"

"Protestants: The Faith That Made the Modern World" by Alec Ryrie

"Doubt" by Alec Ryrie

"A Secular Age" by Charles Taylor

"Rise of the West" by William H. McNeill

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining 17th Century Western Europe

8 november 2024 | 65 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch is joined by business development executive and agriculture technology industry entrepreneur Austin Padgett and explore 17th century Western Europe's pivotal transformation. They examine how the Protestant-Catholic divide, parallel to modern political polarization, shaped warfare, science, and economics.

The conversation reveals how the Dutch and English success in breaking monopolies and embracing agricultural innovation set the stage for the Industrial Revolution and modern capitalism.

,

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

The 17th Century: On the Edge of Modernity

The Pike and Shot Era & Military Transitions

Mercenaries and Defensive Warfare

The French Revolution and Mass Conscription

Libertarian Perspective & The Shifting Political Compass

North Europe's Victory Over South Europe

Economic Factors and the Weakening of Monarchies

The Elizabethan Golden Age and the Secular Cycle

The Protestant Reformation and its Impact

Lessons from the 17th Century

The Thirty Years War and its Impact on Europe

Spain's Economic Failures as a Lesson

England and the Netherlands' Breakthroughs

The Scientific, Agricultural, and Social Revolutions

The Political Context of the 17th Century

The Enlightenment and the Thirty Years War's Legacy

Louis XIV's Reign and the Cultural High Point of France

Conclusion and U.S. Political Implications

The Importance of Agriculture

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"The Global Crisis" by Geoffrey Parker

"The Military Revolution" by Geoffrey Parker

"The Age of Reason Begins" by Will Durant

"The Age of Louis XIV"by Will Durant

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining 17th Century Eastern Europe

11 oktober 2024 | 73 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg dive deep into the fascinating yet often overlooked realm of 17th century Eastern Europe.

Join Rudyard and Erik as they bring this pivotal era to life: unravel the rise and fall of Poland-Lithuania, Russia's emergence as a great power, and Sweden's surprising dominance, and discover how Cossacks, Ottoman Turks, and visionary leaders shaped the region's destiny.

With a blend of scholarly insight and engaging storytelling, Rudyard uncovers the absurdities, triumphs, and tragedies that defined this transformative century

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://www.turpentinenetwork.co/

-

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

-

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Unpack Pricing - Dive into the dark arts of SaaS pricing with Metronome CEO Scott Woody and tech leaders. Learn how strategic pricing drives explosive revenue growth in today's biggest companies like Snowflake, Cockroach Labs, Dropbox and more.

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765716600

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/38DK3W1Fq1xxQalhDSueFg

-

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@SamoBurja (Samo)

@TurpentineMedia

-

HIGHLIGHTS:

Rudyard's Personal Connection to 17th Century Eastern Europe

The Three Great Frontiers of Western Civilization

Eastern Europe as a Frontier

Serfdom and the Role of the Church in Eastern Europe

The Time of Troubles in Russia

The Rise and Fall of Poland-Lithuania

The Cossacks and the Deluge

The Rise of the Romanovs and the Conquest of Siberia

Sweden and the Rise of Gustavus Adolphus

The Turkish Empire and the Siege of Vienna

The Khanate of Crimea and the Saratov Line

Peter the Great, Charles XII, and the Great Northern War

-

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"Europe's Steppe Frontier: 1500-1800" by William H. McNeill

"The Rise of the West" by William H. McNeill

"Poland: A History" by Adam Zamoyski

"Russia: A History" by Olli Vares

"The Age of Reason Begins" by Will Durant

"The Age of Louis XIV" by Will Durant

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Long Ripples in History

27 september 2024 | 67 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch is joined again by Bismarck Analysis's Samo Burja (podcast host: Live Players) for a mind-bending discussion and deep dive into the concept of "long ripples" — how ideas and events from the distant past continue to shape our present and future in unexpected ways. From Plato's influence on modern political movements to the unforeseen consequences of the Industrial Revolution, this conversation challenges our understanding of historical cause and effect.

Are we truly progressing, or are we caught in cycles we fail to recognize? Can we learn from the past, or are we doomed to repeat it in new, technologically-amplified ways? This episode is a rollercoaster ride through time, technology, and human nature, forcing us to reconsider our place in the grand sweep of history.

--

🎙️ Dealcraft: Insights from Great Negotiators is the brand new weekly podcast that features interviews with world’s greatest dealmakers and diplomats, including Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Blackstone CEO Steve Schwarzman, and music industry super-lawyer John Branca, on their most challenging negotiations. Each episode, host Jim Sebenius (Harvard Business School professor and renowned negotiation expert) relates fascinating deal stories and distills useful insights for listeners to apply in their toughest deals and disputes.

Apple: https://link.chtbl.com/3CG3TbHY?sid=Turpentine

--

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://www.turpentinenetwork.co/

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@SamoBurja (Samo)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Exploring Plato's Influence
Historical Ripples and Convergent Evolution
The Fall of Civilizations
Comparing Civilizational Cycles
The Future of Human Civilization
AI and Genetic Engineering: Potential and Pitfalls
Pandemic Era Reflections
Genetic Engineering and Society
19th Century Misconceptions
Cycles of Societal Transformation
Intellectual Decay and Historical Rewriting
Anthropology and Cultural Studies
Decline of Western Institutions
Space Exploration and Technological Decline
Hypernormalization and Social Reality

BOOKS MENTIONED:

What Is To Be Done? by Vladimir Lenin
Homo Deus by Yuval Noah Harari's
Fitzpatrick's War by Theodore Judson

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Industrial Revolution

20 september 2024 | 56 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg explore the origins, impacts, and global spread of the Industrial Revolution, from 18th century Britain to modern challenges.

Unleashing progress or Pandora's box? This episode presents a unique perspective, framing the Industrial Revolution as "the magic of kings" - a transformative force that granted humanity godlike powers while leaving our fundamental nature unchanged.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://www.turpentinenetwork.co/

-

RECOMMENDED PODCASTS:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

-

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@SamoBurja (Samo)

@TurpentineMedia

-

HIGHLIGHTS:

Magic of kings vs magic of priests
Pre-industrial vs post-industrial life
The Unabomber's critique of industrial society
Oversocialization and leftism
Historical origins of the Industrial Revolution
Agricultural Revolution and its impacts
Different models of industrialization
Industrialization and European colonialism
Post-industrial societies and their challenges
Global spread of industrialization
Positives and negatives of the Industrial Revolution

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

"Why Nations Fail" by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson

"Tragedy and Hope" by Carroll Quigley

"Bloodlands" by Timothy Snyder

"Enlightenment Now" by Steven Pinker

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Civilizational Differences

13 september 2024 | 64 min

In this episode of History 102, Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg are joined by Bismarck Analysis's Samo Burja (podcast host: Live Players) to uncover the hidden threads connecting ancient Babylon to Silicon Valley. Did you know that 2,500 years ago, people complained about information overload just like we do today? Or that some civilizations saw 70% of their population enslaved?

Rudyard and Samo peel back the layers of history, revealing:

The shocking similarities between ancient Athens and the Taliban
Why California might be birthing new religions as we speak
How deforestation toppled empires (and why it matters now)

From psychedelic Greek philosophers to the eerie parallels between Polish-Lithuanian and Cambodian history, this episode is a mind-bending tour of humanity's greatest triumphs and strangest quirks.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://www.turpentinenetwork.co/

-

RECOMMENDED PODCASTS:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

-

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@SamoBurja (Samo)

@TurpentineMedia

-

TIMESTAMPS:

Differences Between Civilizations

Non-Abrahamic Societies and Linear Time

Egalitarian Impulses Across Civilizations

Classical Civilization vs Modern West

Literacy in Ancient Rome

Greek Philosophy and Religion

Political Cycles in Ancient Greece

The American Founding Fathers and Political Theory

Pre-modern Feminism in Ancient Civilizations

Cyclical Progression of Political Forms

Immigration and Cultural Clashes in Ancient Civilizations

Environmental Degradation in Ancient Mediterranean

Archaeology in Ancient Babylon

Social Breakdown in Ancient Civilizations

Modern China as a Hybrid Civilization

California's Unique Cultural Landscape

Emerging Religions in Modern America

Religion's Impact on Society and Nature

Obscure Civilizations: The Nuragic Civilization

The Khmer Civilization and Southeast Asian History

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

American Revolution

30 augusti 2024 | 67 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg provides a detailed overview of the American Revolution, covering its causes, key events, major figures, and outcomes, while exploring the political, social, and strategic factors that shaped the conflict and led to the birth of the United States.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://www.turpentinenetwork.co/

-

RECOMMENDED PODCASTS:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

-

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

British American colonization and expansion
Comparison of French and American Revolutions
British colonies and tensions with Britain
Political aspects of the American Revolution
Start of the Revolutionary War
Battle of Saratoga and French involvement
British southern campaign
Siege of Yorktown and end of the war
Post-war America and the Constitution

BOOKS MENTIONED:

American Revolutions by Alan Taylor

The Cousins' Wars by Kevin Phillips

Atlantic America by D.W. Meinig

The Oxford History of the American People by Samuel Eliot Morison

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Dark Ages

23 augusti 2024 | 70 min

In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg dive into the West European Dark Ages, discussing the period from the fall of Rome until the rise of medieval Europe around 1000 AD.

Were they really a decline or a period of critical transformation? Uncover the surprising truth behind this oft-misunderstood era.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

-

RECOMMENDED PODCASTS:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

-

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

-

RELATED EPISODES:

Byzantine Empire

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/6wzpVoPhWiAecAuImjCnxZ?si=sM8t0T97Qh-BjxsOXmHUNA

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/byzantine-empire/id1730633913?i=1000662716343

Rise of Islam

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/79fMsZSGfvSY2f9WENJvTq?si=09DZdn9PSX690vXcVUDuFg

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rise-of-islam/id1730633913?i=1000659000133

Vikings

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/4QXRdG77RTnsaXtCvUmwng?si=ZgQd2kOcSMG9olIziKG2cw

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-vikings/id1730633913?i=1000645968027

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

The Concept of the Dark Ages
Historical Narratives
Civilizational Decline
Anti-Religious Bias
Anthropological Bias
Gradual Process
Cultural and Technological Stagnation
Roman Empire and Christianity
Western Individualism
The Carolingian Empire

BOOKS MENTIONED:

Coming to Our Senses by Morris Berman

The Birth of the West by Peter Collins

Inheritance of Rome by Chris Wickham

World of Late Antiquity by Peter Brown

The Forge of Christendom by Tom Holland

Empires and Barbarians by Peter Heather

The Bicameral Mind by Julian Jaynes

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Aryan Invasion

18 augusti 2024 | 63 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatIfAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg talk about the Aryan invasions around 2000 BC and how it reshaped Eurasia from Ukraine to India. This discussion explores their origins, methods, and lasting impacts on genetics, culture, and religion across diverse regions.

Discover the shocking truth about the Aryan invasions and why this significant event was hidden from history for decades.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

-

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

–

SPONSOR: BABBEL | WorkOS

🌐 Ready to achieve your 2024 goals? Start learning a new language with Babbel in just three weeks. Enjoy app lessons, live classes, and podcasts designed for real-world conversations. Get up to 60% off at babbel.com/torenberg

💻 Building an enterprise-ready SaaS app? WorkOS has got you covered with easy-to-integrate APIs for SAML, SCIM, and more. Join top startups like Vercel, Perplexity, Jasper & Webflow in powering your app with WorkOS. Enjoy a free tier for up to 1M users! Start now at https://bit.ly/WorkOS-TCR

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

-

RELATED EPISODES:

Ancient India

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0jhPHGxxKTWAf5GkDDT0QG?si=ygZ4Z_MaTt-IuvhamBVAiA

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ancient-india/id1730633913?i=1000656237395

Mesopotamia

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1pjImOX4ReJDkEpen0wq2W?si=iz2HdmSDTqWn9JVmPdnJhg

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mesopotamia/id1730633913?i=1000664108773

-

HIGHLIGHTS:

Academic controversy and recent genetic evidence
The "blue pill era" and misconceptions about prehistoric peoples
Scope and terminology of Indo-European migrations
Geographic origins and pastoralism
Development of the chariot and military advantage
Genetic patterns in modern European populations
Cultural characteristics of herding societies
Aryan migrations into Europe
Mythology and cultural continuit
Aryan invasions in India and the caste system
Recommended books and further reading

-

BOOKS RECOMMENDATIONS:

"Who We Are and How We Got Here" by David Reich

"Ancestral Journeys: The Peopling of Europe from the First Venturers to the Vikings" by Jean Manco

"Comparative Mythology" by Jaan Puhvel

"The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World" by David W. Anthony

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ancient Greece

9 augusti 2024 | 68 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatIfAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg uncover the diverse and fascinating world of ancient Greek city-states, beyond Athens and Sparta, and their unique cultures.

Discover the realities of ancient Greece beyond the myths, including its complex social structures, its role in philosophy, and its impact on the world.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Introduction
The Geography Connection
Greek Dark Ages and Recovery
Greek Military and Democracy
Athens vs. Sparta
Greco-Persian Wars
Peloponnesian Wars and Decline
Rise of Macedonia
The Philosophical Contributions of Aristotle
Misunderstandings and Underappreciated Aspects

BOOKS MENTIONED:

"The Ancient City" by Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges

"The Life of Greece" by Will Durant

"Sailing the Wine-Dark Sea" by Thomas Cahill

"Rise of the West" by McNeil

"The Classical World" by Robin Lane Fox

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Mesopotamia

2 augusti 2024 | 67 min

In this episode of History 102, join WhatIfAltHists creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg as they explore the intricate history of Mesopotamia. This episode dives into the origins, advancements, and eventual decline of one of the world's earliest civilizations, covering everything from early agriculture to the prominent empires and their societal structures.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ This Won't Last - Eavesdrop on Keith Rabois, Kevin Ryan, Logan Bartlett, and Zach Weinberg's monthly backchannel. They unpack their hottest takes on the future of tech, business, venture, investing, and politics.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1765665937

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2HwSNeVLL1MXy0RjFPyOSz

YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@ThisWontLastpodcast

–

SPONSOR: BEEHIIV | BABBEL

Head to Beehiiv, the newsletter platform built for growth, to power your own. Connect with premium brands, scale your audience, and deliver a beautiful UX that stands out in an inbox. 🐝 to https://Beehiiv.com and use code “MOZ” for 20% off your first three months

🌐 Ready to achieve your 2024 goals? Start learning a new language with Babbel in just three weeks. Enjoy app lessons, live classes, and podcasts designed for real-world conversations. Get up to 60% off at babbel.com/torenberg

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

TIMESTAMPS:

The Fertile Crescent and Three Cultural Designations
The Formation of City-States in Mesopotamia
The Impact of Climate Change on Mesopotamia
The Role of Warfare in Mesopotamian Society
The Rise of the Priest Class and Theocracy
City-States and Government in Mesopotamia
The Development of Writing and Law Codes
Religion and Idol Worship in Mesopotamia
The Influence of Mesopotamian Civilization on the Bible
The Decline of Mesopotamian Civilization
Sumeria: The First Civilization
The Rise of Akkad and the First Empire
The Legacy of Mesopotamian Civilization
The Rise and Fall of Mesopotamian Empires
The Transition to Imperial Rule
The Evolution of Babylon
The Brutal Conquests of the Assyrians
The Impact of the Bronze Age Collapse
The Conquest of Mesopotamia by the Persians

BOOKS MENTIONED:

Against the Grain: A Deep History of the Earliest States by James C. Scott

The Story of Civilization by Will Durant

Assyria: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Superpower by Eckhart Frahm

Scribes and Kings: The Lost History of the Ancient Near East by Marc Van De Mieroop

The Guide to the Bible by Isaac Asimov

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Imperial Russia

29 juli 2024 | 66 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg Explore the tumultuous history of Imperial Russia, from its Viking origins to the rise of the Romanovs and the impact of the Mongols.

When did Russia truly become a significant player on the global stage, and what were the key events that solidified its status? Listen and discover how Imperial Russia grappled with its identity, its relationship with the West, and its long journey toward modernization

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RELATED EPISODES:

Vikings

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-vikings/id1730633913?i=1000645968027

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/4QXRdG77RTnsaXtCvUmwng?si=nFl5Tr-HSGyiMuPBW8IwUQ

Communism

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/communism/id1730633913?i=1000659725695

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1RAyzbTOEHlXlO2TK52FXf?si=2mqcB9xOT6qG_1VYqOxZmw

Explaining Russian Civilization

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/explaining-russian-civilization/id1737510373?i=1000652947542

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/4NGM1O9ZycFD1rfgHcMJfp?si=kuduN4c0TZKg2H5cpZUZ8g

-

RECOMMENDED PODCAST

Complex Systems with Patrick McKenzie

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Mos4VE3figVXleHDqfXOH

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/complex-systems-with-patrick-mckenzie-patio11/id1753399812

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

TIMESTAMPS:

The Mongols and the Viking Influence
The Post-Viking Period and the Mongol Yoke
Russia's Lost Potential
Moscow's Rise and the Third Rome
The Tatar Raids and the Great Wall of Russia
Key Russian Leaders and Their Legacy
Expansion Eastward and the Cossacks
Siberia's Colonization and Russia's Global Reach
The Time of Troubles and the Rise of the Romanovs
Peter the Great's Modernization
The Rise of Industrialization and the Seeds of Revolution

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Byzantine Empire

19 juli 2024 | 75 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg talk about the story of the Byzantine Empire, Rome's eastern successor, and how it thrived while the West crumbled. They also discuss on the Byzantine Empire's constant battles against invaders and how it defied expectations to survive for a millennium.

Why is the Byzantine Empire largely ignored? Explore its rich history, intriguing culture, and its impact on Eastern Europe and Russia.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RELATED EPISODE:

Fall of Rome

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/fall-of-rome/id1730633913?i=1000647197583

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/57r8lT5fiO8W9igWZRwm59?si=rODTidJ3RnmYXW0TsgymMw

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Second Opinion - A new podcast for health-tech insiders from Christina Farr of the Second Opinion newsletter. Join Christina Farr, Luba Greenwood, and Ash Zenooz every week as they challenge industry experts with tough questions about the best bets in health-tech.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1759267211

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0A8NwQE976s32zdBbZw6bv

-

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

TIMESTAMPS:

The Byzantine Empire: An Overview
The Fall of Rome and the Rise of Byzantium
Constantinople: The Heart of Byzantium
Byzantine Military and Cultural Identity
Justinian's Ambitious Reign
The Impact of the Muslim Conquests
Byzantine Decline and the Rise of the Turks
The Final Days of Byzantium

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Explaining the Rise of Christianity

12 juli 2024 | 59 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg explore the surprising origins of Christianity.

From a carpenter's son's teachings to its unexpected rise to global dominance, discover how this religion, appealing to the marginalized, provided a sense of community and purpose in a brutal world. Learn how this religion, once seen as a radical threat, became a defining force in Western history.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Second Opinion - A new podcast for health-tech insiders from Christina Farr of the Second Opinion newsletter. Join Christina Farr, Luba Greenwood, and Ash Zenooz every week as they challenge industry experts with tough questions about the best bets in health-tech.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1759267211

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0A8NwQE976s32zdBbZw6bv

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

TIMESTAMPS:

The Rise of Christianity
Roman Empire and Social Dynamics
Jesus of Nazareth and His Impact
Christianity's Appeal and Spread
Persecution and Triumph
The Evolution of Christianity
Christianity's Cultural Adaptations

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

The Immortality Key: The Secret History of the Religion with No Name by Brian C. Muraresku
Apollodorus of Tyana
Household Gods by Harry Turtledove
Misreading Scripture with Western Eyes: Removing Cultural Blinders to Better Understand the Bible by E. Randolph Richards
The 3D Gospel: Ministry in Guilt, Shame, and Fear Cultures Kindle Edition by Jayson Georges
Dominion by Tom Holland
Through the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350-550 AD by Peter Brown
The World of Late Antiquity by Peter Brown
Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years by Diarmaid MacCulloch
The Rise of Christianity by Rodney Stark

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Slave Trade

6 juli 2024 | 68 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discuss the history of the Muslim slave trade, a forgotten tragedy that predates and rivals the Atlantic slave trade in both scale and brutality.

Dive into the complex dynamics and enduring impact of this dark chapter in African history, and explore the Muslim and internal slave trades while also challenging the 1619 Project's narrative. Learn about the broader context of global slavery, the complex origins of racial inequality, and the global network that fueled the transatlantic slave trade.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

🎙️ Second Opinion - A new podcast for health-tech insiders from Christina Farr of the Second Opinion newsletter. Join Christina Farr, Luba Greenwood, and Ash Zenooz every week as they challenge industry experts with tough questions about the best bets in health-tech.

Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1759267211

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0A8NwQE976s32zdBbZw6bv

-

Complex Systems with Patrick McKenzie

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Mos4VE3figVXleHDqfXOH

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/complex-systems-with-patrick-mckenzie-patio11/id1753399812

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

RELATED EPISODE/S:

Rise of Islam: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rise-of-islam/id1730633913?i=1000659000133

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

African Slave Trade Basics
Misconceptions and Context
Different African Slave Trades
Muslim Slave Trade
Comparisons with the Atlantic Slave Trade
Impact of Slavery on America
Slavery in Brazil and the Caribbean

--

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

African Founders by David Hackett Fisher
Conquests and Cultures by Thomas Sowell
Africa by John Reeder
Africa and the Africans by John Thornton

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Axial Age: History's Turning Point

28 juni 2024 | 68 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg dive deep into the Axial Age, a transformative time that birthed new philosophies and religions. Uncover the surprising link between the invention of coinage, explore the decline of traditional religions, and discover the reasons why people sought new spiritual paths in 500 BC.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

--

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Complex Systems with Patrick McKenzie

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Mos4VE3figVXleHDqfXOH

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/complex-systems-with-patrick-mckenzie-patio11/id1753399812

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

RELATED EPISODES:

Ancient India: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ancient-india/id1730633913?i=1000656237395

Ancient China: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/ancient-china/id1730633913?i=1000657394929

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

The Axial Age & Strange Parallels

The Role of Urbanization & Coinage

Theocracies & Devolving Religion

The Rise of Universal Religions

Religious Revival & Modern Science

Communism as a Religion & String Theory

The Impact of Coinage & Breakdown of Social Relationships

Social Instability & Moral Dilemma

Innovation & Renewal

Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: The Search for Spiritual Truth

India: The Rise of Jainism and Buddhism

Confucius, Taoism, and the Stability of China

The Spiritual Bank Account

Misunderstandings and the Importance of Understanding the Axial Age

–

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

Religions of the World by Huston Smith: A comprehensive overview of major world religions

Philosophic Teachings That All World Religions Share by Huston Smith: Explores common themes across religions

Debt by David Graeber: Discusses the economic history of credit and coinage

History of Western Philosophy by Bertrand Russell: Provides a detailed account of Greek philosophy

The Great Transformation by Karen Armstrong: A comprehensive study of the Axial Age

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Communism

21 juni 2024 | 65 min

In this episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg talk about the brutal cost of communist ideology, from mass killings to cultural destruction, and the psychological motivations driving its appeal. From Marx to Mao, explore the rise, fall, and enduring legacy of communism, its impact on history, and its surprising influence today.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Complex Systems with Patrick McKenzie

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Mos4VE3figVXleHDqfXOH

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/complex-systems-with-patrick-mckenzie-patio11/id1753399812

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

Recommended Podcast: The Riff with Byrne Hobart

Byrne Hobart, the writer of The Diff, is revered in Silicon Valley. You can get an hour with him each week. See for yourself how his thinking can upgrade yours.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6rANlV54GCARLgMOtpkzKt

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-riff-with-byrne-hobart-and-erik-torenberg/id1716646486

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Communism as a Moral Lesson
Marxism's Influence
Origins of the Modern Left
Saint Simon and the Roots of Leftism
Pre-Marxist Socialist Thinkers
Karl Marx and the 1848 Revolutions
Marx's Intellectual Ability and Hegelianism
The Industrial Revolution and the Rise of Communism
The Psychology of Leftism and Power
The Russian Revolution and Lenin
The Nature of Communist Revolutions
Stalin and the Purges
The Soviet Union and the Iron Curtain
The Decline of Communism
Communism's Death Toll and the Need for Reassessment
Communism and Social Justice
Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party
Cambodian Communism and the Khmer Rouge
The Geographic Apex and Decline of Communism
Post-Communist Transition
The Need for a Psychological Revolution

Books Mentioned:

The Decline and Fall of Socialism
Fire in the Minds of Men by James Billington
Les Miserables
The 100 Greatest Atrocities of the Twentieth Century by Matthew White

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Rise of Islam

14 juni 2024 | 58 min

This episode of History 102 explores the fascinating rise of Islam, its Golden Age, and its decline, unpacking the cultural, political, and economic factors that shaped this pivotal period in history.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg talk about the cultural and scientific achievements of the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliph - a period of unprecedented growth and innovation in the Islamic world. Then, uncover the reasons behind the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate, from internal conflicts and moral decay to the rise of the Turks and the shift from scientific progress to religious conservatism.

Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Mos4VE3figVXleHDqfXOH

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/id1753399812https://podcasts.apple.com/id1753399812

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

The Enigma of Muhammad
The World Before Islam
Internal Conflicts
The Umayyad Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate
Misconceptions About Islam
The Decline of the Abbasids
Internal Conflicts and Barbarian Mercenaries
The Rise of Al Ghazali and the End of Science
The Decline of Capitalism
The Loss of the Mediterranean
The First Crusade and Societal Choices

--

Books mentioned:

In the Shadow of the Sword: The Rise and Fall of Islam by Tom Holland
Destiny Disrupted: A History of the World Through Islamic Eyes by Tamim Ansary
The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization by Marshall Hodgson (3-volume set)
Islam and the Arab World
The Myth of a Tolerant Muslim Spain

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Medieval Europe

7 juni 2024 | 69 min

This episode of History 102 explores the European Middle Ages, its misunderstood aspects, technological and social advancements, and critical events. WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discover how the seemingly "dark" medieval era set the stage for the scientific revolution, the age of exploration, and the rise of modern Europe.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

RECOMMENDED PODCAST:

Patrick McKenzie (@patio11) talks to experts who understand the complicated but not unknowable systems we rely on. You might be surprised at how quickly Patrick and his guests can put you in the top 1% of understanding for stock trading, tech hiring, and more.

Spotify

Apple

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Setting the Stage: The European Middle Ages
Misconceptions About the Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages: Society and Innovations
Feudalism and Social Structures
Political Dynamics in Medieval Europe
The Decline of the Middle Ages
The Black Death and Its Aftermath
Legacy of the Middle Ages

--

Recommended Books:

The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community by William H. McNeill

A Short History of the Middle Ages by Barbara Rosenwein

The Time Traveler's Guide to Medieval England: A Handbook for Visitors to the Fourteenth Century by Ian Mortimer

A Secular Age by Charles Taylor

Europe Emerges: Transition Toward an Industrial World-Wide Society, 600-1750 by Robert L. Reynolds

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ancient China

31 maj 2024 | 63 min

This episode of History 102 delves deeply into the ancient history of China, from its foundation around 2000 BC to the fall of the Han Dynasty around 200 AD. WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg also explore the rise and fall of the Shang, Zhou, Qin, and Han dynasties, uncovering the political and social forces that shaped ancient Chinese history.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

Discover how ancient China evolved in isolation, developing its own unique civilization, institutions, and beliefs, with surprising parallels to other world powers.

--

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Casual Catch-Up and Initial Thoughts

Discussing Viewer Reactions

Introduction to Ancient China

China's Unique Historical Evolution

Geography and Early Civilizations

The Shang Dynasty and Early Theocracies

The Zhou Dynasty and the Mandate of Heaven

The Warring States Period and Philosophical Developments

The Rise of the Qin Dynasty

The Han Dynasty: China's Golden Age

The Fall of the Han Dynasty and Its Aftermath

Recommended Books:

The Grace of Kings by Ken Liu

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ancient India

21 maj 2024 | 67 min

This episode of History 102 dives into ancient India, exploring its rich civilizations, philosophical divergences from the West, and the profound influence of the caste system on its society. WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg also debunk myths and explore the real impact of the caste system, Hindu nationalism, and the arrival of Islam on ancient Indian civilization.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

A Deep Dive into Ancient India: Uncovering Hidden Histories

Exploring the Indus Valley Civilization: The Bronze Age's Forgotten Empire

The Aryans and the Birth of the Caste System

Buddhism vs. Hinduism: A Battle for India's Soul

The Mauryan Empire: India's Golden Age

India's Dark Age and the Rise of Hindu Conservatism

Controversial Takes: The British Impact on India

Recommended Books:

The Soul of India by Amaury de Riencourt

The Rise of the West

Our Oriental Heritage: The Story of Civilization, Volume I by Will Durant

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

WW2 in the Pacific

14 maj 2024 | 66 min

This episode of History 102 features a follow up analysis of World War II focused on Japan, China, and the events located in the Pacific. WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discuss the build-up to the Pacific War, the geopolitical backdrop of Japan's militaristic expansion, and the cultural psyche that fueled its aggressive actions.

🔥 Apply to join over 400 founders and Execs in the Turpentine Network: https://hmplogxqz0y.typeform.com/to/JCkphVqj

Key points include Japan's transition to authoritarianism in the 1920s, its strategic ambitions in China leading to the Sino-Japanese War, and the critical battles and dynamics with other global powers including the USSR and the USA. The episode also explores the nuanced causes and justifications behind the Pacific War, Japan's wartime atrocities, and the decisive moments that led to Japan's surrender, including discussions around the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Tourism content in the episode includes the broader implications of WWII, the downfall of colonial empires, and the socio-political changes in post-war Japan.

–

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

Recommended Books:

Tragedy and Hope by Carroll Quigley
Inside Asia by John Gunther
Eagle Against the Sun by Ronald H. Spector
Japan and the Shackles of the Past by R. Taggart Murphy
Author Ian Cross

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

WW2

7 maj 2024 | 59 min

This episode of History 102 features a comprehensive analysis of World War II. WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discuss the build-up to the war, including the aftermath of World War I and the conditions in Europe that led to the rise of Hitler. Recommendations for further reading on the subject are provided, enhancing understanding of the war's complex aspects and its lasting impact on global history.

-

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Hitler's Goal: Conquering Eastern Europe
Blitzkrieg: Rapid Conquest
Hitler's Strategic Miscalculations
Exploring the Eastern Front: The Turning Point of WWII
The Holocaust: A Horrific Atrocity

Recommended Books:

The Second World War by John Keegan
The Second World War: A Complete History by Martin Gilbert
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany by William Shirer
Bloodlands by Timothy Snyder
The Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia by Richard Overy, Ph.D.
Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in Our Time by Caroll Quigley

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Spanish Empire

29 april 2024 | 66 min

In this episode of History 102, Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg delve into critical historical moments and patterns, focusing on the Spanish Empire's unique and often overlooked role in shaping the modern world. This episode challenges common historical narratives by examining Spain's extractive policies, and the consequences of its colonization efforts, including the impact on indigenous populations and the development of an extractive culture that contrasts with other Western societies' developmental paths.

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Exploring the Roots of Global Inequality

The Formation of the Spanish Empire: From Medieval Europe to Columbus

Columbus' Dark Legacy and the Consequences of Conquest

The Spanish Inquisition: Reality vs. Myth

Extractive Systems and Their Impact

The Conquest of the Aztecs

The Aztec Empire: Conquest and Sacrifice

Cortes and the Fall of the Aztecs

Population Collapse and Cultural Impact

The Inca Empire: Swift Expansion and Spanish Conquest

Exploring the Spanish Empire: Governance and Social Structure

The Decline of the Spanish Empire: Economic Mismanagement and Independence Movements

Recommended Books:

Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies by Jared Diamond
Empires of the Atlantic World: Britain and Spain in America 1492-1830 by John H. Elliott
The Story of the Americas by Leland DeWitt Baldwin
A History of Latin America by Hurbert Herring
Forgotten Continent: A History of the New Latin America by Michael Reid

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Rise of Rome

23 april 2024 | 62 min

In this episode of History 102, Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg explore the rise of Rome, from its origins as a small settlement in Central Italy to becoming a dominant force in the known world, drawing parallels between historical events and modern-day societal patterns. They discuss themes of decadence, social cohesion, and the cyclical nature of civilizations.

-

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Rise of Rome
The Influence of Greek Civilization on the Latins
The Romans: From City-State to Empire
The Punic Wars: Rome's Defining Battles
Rome's Expansion East and the Fall of Carthage
Reflections and Recommendations on Roman History

–

Recommended Books:

Will Durant's Caesar and Christ: A History of Roman Civilization and of Christianity from Their Beginnings to A.D. 325 (Story of Civilization)
Greg Woolf's Rome: An Empire's Story
Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges' The Ancient City: A Study of the Religion, Laws, and Institutions of Greece and Rome
Tom Holland's Rubicon

Recommended Podcast:

Dan Carlin's Hardcore History 21-23 – Punic Nightmares Series

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The US Civil War

16 april 2024 | 63 min

In this episode of History 102, hosts Erik Torenberg and Rudyard Lynch delve into the American Civil War, providing a comprehensive overview encompassing its causes, key battles, and the aftermath.

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Roll, Jordan, Roll by Eugene D. Genovese

The Guns of the South by Harry Turtledove

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Exploring the Roots of the American Civil War
Complex Causes Behind the Civil War
Slavery in Sparking the Civil War
The Industrial Revolution's Impact on the Civil War
Reflections and the Debate on Civil War Causes
Beliefs of the North and South
The South's Strategy and the Role of International Powers
The Turning Points of the Civil War
The War Itself
The Aftermath and Reconstruction Era

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

World War III: Potential Outcomes

9 april 2024 | 35 min

In this episode which was first aired on Whatifalthist’s podcast, Rudyard Lynch explores the hypothetical scenario of World War III, analyzing potential winners, front lines, and geopolitical alliances.

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–--

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@TurpentineMedia

–

TIMESTAMPS:

Exploring the What Ifs and Changing Perspectives of World War III
Theoretical Alliances and Their Strengths
Potential Flashpoints and Concerns
The Unpredictability of Predicting the Future
Imagining a Scenario: China's Invasion of Taiwan
The Realities of Modern Warfare and Technology
Reevaluating China's Military and Social Stability
The Complex Terrain of Potential Conflicts
A New Type of War: Demographic and Economic Battles
Concluding Thoughts and the Future of Warfare

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Coming Chinese Revolution

26 mars 2024 | 43 min

Today, we're excited to announce that Turpentine will be releasing Rudyard Lynch's WhatifAltHist as a podcast feed! Click the link below to subscribe. The highlighted episode we're airing today was touched on in our most recent History 102 episode on China's Modern History. Rudyard lays out his the patterns that predict China's coming socio-economic crisis.

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

Recommended Podcast: Company Breakdowns

Each episode of Company Breakdowns dives into S-1s and series B-and-beyond companies, interviewing founders and investors to break down the companies. First episode is on Rubrik - which just IPO'd. Coming up this season: Databricks, Reddit + more,

Spotify

Apple

–

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@dwr (Dan)

@moz_podcast (Moment of Zen)

@TurpentineMedia

–

BOOKS CITED:

Asian Waters by Humphrey Hawksley
Asia's Cauldron by Robert Kaplan
Disunited Nations by Peter Zeihan
Why Nations Fail by James Robinson and Daron Acemoglu
The Origins of Political Order by Francis Fukuyama
The Next 100 Years by George Friedman
World Order by Henry Kissinger
The Best of Times and the Worst of Times by Michael Burleigh
Seeing Like a State by James C Scott
Destined for War by Graham Allison
Crashed by Adam Tooze
China's Asian Dream by Tom Miller
China by John Keay
Mao by Jung Chang
The Soul of China by Amaury de Riencourt
Oriental Ways of Thinking by Nakamura

HIGHLIGHTS

Exploring China's Impending Social and Economic Crisis
The Western Fascination with Authoritarian Regimes
Understanding China's Internal Struggles and Media Misrepresentation
The Demographic Challenges Facing China
Economic Pressures and Real Estate Bubble in China
The Shift Towards Maoism and Increased Oppression
The Potential for Revolution and Civil Unrest
Predicting the Collapse of Modern China

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A New Civil War?

19 mars 2024 | 87 min

Today, we're releasing a special episode from the Moment of Zen podcast where Rudyard was the featured guest along with hosts Erik Torenberg and Dan Romero. They discuss his analysis of potential future global events, such as an American civil war and a revolution in China, considering economic conditions, demographics, and societal behaviors.

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

–

RELATED CHANNELS:

Subscribe to Moment of Zen: https://www.youtube.com/@MomentofZenPodcast

History 102: https://www.youtube.com/@History102-qg5oj

Subscribe to WhatifAltHist: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatifAltHist

–

FOLLOW ON X:

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@dwr (Dan)

@moz_podcast (Moment of Zen)

@TurpentineMedia

–

BOOKS CITED:

Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies by Jared Diamond

Who We Are and How We Got Here: Ancient DNA and the New Science of the Human Past by David Reich

The Coming Caesars by Amaury De Riencourt

The Eye of Shiva: Eastern Mysticism and Science by Amaury De Riencourt

Bulfinch's Mythology - All Three Volumes - The Age of Fable, The Age of Chivalry, and Legends of Charlemagne by Thomas Bulfinch

Dune by Frank Herbert

Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari

–

HIGHLIGHTS:

Rudyard and Dan's Approach to History
Alt History
Modern Civilization and Historical Patterns
Possibility of a Civil War?
Political Crisis and the Split of States
Power of American National Guards
Dependence of States on Federal Funding
Economic Divide in America
Struggles of Average Americans
Insane Minorities in Civil Wars
Power of Elites in Conflicts
Potential for a Competent Trump-like Populist
The Future of China and Its Potential Revolution

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Modern China

12 mars 2024 | 56 min

In today's episode, hosts Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg delve into the rich and complex history of China in the last several hundred years -- a critical period if we consider China the greatest rival of the US. The discussion explores China's once stagnant technological and social progress, periods of humiliation by Western powers, China under Mao, and the subsequent rise to become a global superpower. Rudyard's comprehensive narrative also highlights the dramatic shifts in China's demographic, political, and economic landscapes, illuminating the factors that have shaped its current politics and societal challenges. Watch this episode accompanied by maps and illustrations on History 102's YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@history102-qg5oj

History 102 is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: turpentine.co

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

---

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

---

RELATED PODCAST: If you dig History 102, we think you'll love Live Players with Samo Burja from Turpentine. Every week Samo and Erik dive into a key power player, institution, or company changing the course of history.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5fbMTkHBnom1JIBWYNVBK1

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1718925188

---

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

LINKS:

WhatifAltHist on What if China Wasn't Communist: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kt5RY_DRbDU

---

HIGHLIGHTS;

Understanding China's Historical Context

China's Isolation and Technological Stagnation

China's Geopolitical Position During the Manchu Dynasty

300-year Period of Peace in China

The Opium Wars: A Turning Point in Chinese History

The Opium Wars - continued

The Taiping Rebellion: A Forgotten War

The Boxer Rebellion and the Fall of the Chinese Monarchy

Communism and Mao's China

Deng Xiaoping's Reforms and China's Economic Boom

Predicting China's Future: Growth and Potential Challenges

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Colonial America

5 mars 2024 | 56 min

In today's episode, Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discuss critical moments in colonial American history -- a span of 180 years before the revolution. They discuss the formation of regional cultures in colonial America, the foundation of modern America, and lesser-studied elements of American history before the revolution. Drawing upon colonial America, the English Civil War, the French and Indian War, they analyze how American culture has been shaped by its history and also delve into the future of America, alluding to a civil war predictor based on patterns from history. Watch this episode accompanied by maps and illustrations on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@history102-qg5oj

History 102 is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: turpentine.co

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

---

RELATED PODCAST: If you dig History 102, we think you'll love Live Players with Samo Burja from Turpentine. Every week Samo and Erik dive into a key power player, institution, or company changing the course of history.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5fbMTkHBnom1JIBWYNVBK1

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1718925188

---

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

Albion's Seed by David Hackett Fisher

The Barbarous Years by Bernard Bailyn

American Colonies: The Settling of North America by Alan Taylor

---

FOLLOW US ON X:

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@turpentinemedia (Turpentine)

FOLLOW US ON YOUTUBE:

History 102 https://www.youtube.com/@history102-qg5oj

WhatifAltHist [Main] https://www.youtube.com/@WhatifAltHist

Upstream with Erik Torenberg https://www.youtube.com/@UpstreamwithErikTorenberg

---

HIGHLIGHTS:

Exploring Early America
Understanding America's British Roots
America: A Side Effect of the English Civil War
Civil War in the Future
The Influence of the English Civil War on American Culture
Another Civil War Looming in the Future?
The Start of America's National Cohesion
Global Balance of Power: What Was the Most Powerful Country at this Time?
The British Empire's Loss of Power
The Formation of Distinct Regional Cultures in America
The Birth of American Democracy
Understanding America as a People

--

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Fall of Rome

27 februari 2024 | 60 min

"Imagine this giant gradually getting attacked by mosquitos..." In today's episode, Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg delve into the critical moments and competing narratives of the fall of the Roman Empire. They compare the classical Greeks and Romans, identify key Roman figures and outsiders who impacted the course of history, and identify the major influences that shaped their era - and our current one.

Watch this episode accompanied by maps and illustrations on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@history102-qg5oj

History 102 is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: turpentine.co

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

---

RELATED PODCAST: If you dig History 102, we think you'll love Live Players with Samo Burja from Turpentine. Every week Samo and Erik dive into a key power player, institution, or company changing the course of history.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5fbMTkHBnom1JIBWYNVBK1

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1718925188

---

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

---

FOLLOW US ON X:

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@turpentinemedia (Turpentine)

FOLLOW US ON YOUTUBE:

History 102 https://www.youtube.com/@history102-qg5oj

WhatifAltHist [Main] https://www.youtube.com/@WhatifAltHist

Upstream with Erik Torenberg https://www.youtube.com/@UpstreamwithErikTorenberg

---

HIGHLIGHTS:

Diving into the Fall of Rome
The Rise of Rome: A Historical Context
You Can't Beat The Romans In A Battle Of Willpower
Classic Rome and Ancient Greece
The Fall of Rome: Theories and Perspectives
The Impact of the Huns on the Roman Empire
Multiple Ways of Looking at the Fall of Rome
The Aftermath of the Fall of Rome
Two Historical Schools on the Fall of Rome
Legacy and Significance of the Roman Empire
Recommendations for Further Reading

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Vikings

20 februari 2024 | 63 min

Today WhatifAltHist's Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg dive into the Vikings, the topic that got Rudyard into history in the first place. This discussion covers the misconceptions about the dark ages, the Vikings' significant reach, and their role in shaping history. They also highlight the Vikings’ legacy of establishing trade links and what how the society of the Vikings closely mirrors our own. Watch this Vikings episode accompanied by maps and illustrations on Rudyard's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CommonGround-qg5oj

History 102 is part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: turpentine.co

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

---

RELATED PODCAST: If you dig History 102, we think you'll love Live Players with Samo Burja from Turpentine. Every week Samo and Erik dive into a key power player, institution, or company changing the course of history.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5fbMTkHBnom1JIBWYNVBK1

Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id1718925188

---

RECOMMENDED BOOKS & Links:

---

FOLLOW US ON X:

@eriktorenberg (Erik)

@whatifalthist (Rudyard)

@turpentinemedia (Turpentine)

FOLLOW US ON YOUTUBE:

Common Ground/ History 102 https://www.youtube.com/@CommonGround-qg5oj

WhatifAltHist [Main] https://www.youtube.com/@WhatifAltHist

Upstream with Erik Torenberg https://www.youtube.com/@UpstreamwithErikTorenberg

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

The Vikings and why they're the apex for YOLOs
The Dark Ages and the Vikings - the seeds of our current society
Could We Be in a Dark Age Now?
Mouse Utopia is Akin to the Fall of Civilizations
Interconnected and Self-Contained Civilizations During the Dark Ages
The End of the Dark Ages and the Rise of Feudalism
The Vikings Emerge (and how their social structure is similar to tech startups and venture capital)
Civil Wars and the Formation of European monarchies
Misconceptions and Underappreciated Aspects of Viking Culture
The Fall of the Vikings and the Transition to the Middle Ages
Two Reasons for the Conversion to Christianity
What if the Vikings Ruled a Bit Longer?
The YOLO nature of the Vikings
The Vikings' Legacy and Their Impact on World History
Upcoming topics of History 102 and book recommendations

--

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

WW1

13 februari 2024 | 68 min

In the debut episode of History 102, WhatifAltHist creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg discuss the causes, events, and impacts of World War I. They highlight key turning points such as Germany's Schlieffen Plan and America's late entry into the war. The discussion also explores the significant cultural and social shifts caused by the war including the rise of communism, feminism, and modern art. They also ponder on possible alternatives had Germany won the war. The episode wraps with book recommendations.

On this season of HIstory 102 we'll cover WW1, WW2, Classical Greece, the Vikings, Medieval Islam, the rise of Communism, and more.

History 102 is a part of the Turpentine podcast network. Learn more: www.turpentine.co

---

SPONSOR: NETSUITE | SHOPIFY | ORACLE

More than 40,000 businesses have already upgraded to NetSuite by Oracle, the #1 cloud financial system bringing accounting, financial management, inventory, HR, into ONE proven platform. If you're looking for an ERP platform, get a one-of-a-kind flexible financing program on NetSuite: https://netsuite.com/zen - Download your free CFO's guide to AI and machine learning.

Shopify is the world's leading e-commerce platform, offering a market-leading checkout system Shoppay and exclusive AI apps. Nobody does selling better than Shopify. Get a $1 per month trial at https://shopify.com/momentofzen

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI): Oracle's next-generation cloud platform delivers blazing-fast AI and ML performance with 50% less for compute and 80% less for outbound networking compared to other cloud providers. OCI powers industry leaders like Vodafone and Thomson Reuters with secure infrastructure and application development capabilities. New U.S. customers can get their cloud bill cut in half by switching to OCI before March 31, 2024 at https://oracle.com/cognitive

--

HIGHLIGHTS:

Introduction to History 102

Erik and Rudyard

The Start of World War I

The Role of Industrial Revolution in World War I

The Impact of World War I on Society

The US's Role

The Aftermath of World War I

What If Germany Had Won World War I?

The Legacy of World War I

LINKS:

WhatifAltHist YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@WhatifAltHist

Turpentine: www.turpentine.co

BOOK RECOMMENDATIONS:

Carroll Quigley's Tragedy and Hope: A History of the World in our Time
John Keegan's The First World War
G.J. Meyer's A World Undone

This show is produced by Turpentine: a network of podcasts, newsletters, and more, covering technology, business, and culture — all from the perspective of industry insiders and experts. We’re launching new shows every week, and we’re looking for industry-leading sponsors — if you think that might be you and your company, email us at erik@turpentine.co.

Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

History 102 with WhatifAltHist’s Rudyard Lynch and Austin Padgett

Avsnitt

Explaining the Pax Romana

Explaining Latino History

Explaining Mexican History

Explaining Native American History

Explaining Frontier Era America

Explaining the British Empire

Explaining Victorian Britain

Explaining the Age of Exploration

Explaining African Colonialism

Explaining the 1960s

Explaining the 1950s

Explaining the Origins of Science

Explaining the Iron Age

Explaining the Bronze Age Collapse

Explaining Ancient Israel

Explaining Medieval Asia

Explaining South-East Asian Kingdoms

Explaining the Silk Road

Ancient Europe

Medieval Britain

Explaining the French Revolution

Explaining the English Civil War

Explaining the Protestant Reformation

Explaining 17th Century Western Europe

Explaining 17th Century Eastern Europe

Long Ripples in History

Industrial Revolution

Civilizational Differences

American Revolution

The Dark Ages

Aryan Invasion

Ancient Greece

Mesopotamia

Imperial Russia

Byzantine Empire

Explaining the Rise of Christianity

The Slave Trade

Axial Age: History's Turning Point

Communism

Rise of Islam

Medieval Europe

Ancient China

Ancient India

WW2 in the Pacific

WW2

The Spanish Empire

Rise of Rome

The US Civil War

World War III: Potential Outcomes

The Coming Chinese Revolution

A New Civil War?

Modern China

Colonial America

Fall of Rome

The Vikings

WW1

Fler poddar

History’s Heroes

History Extra podcast

NerdWallet’s Smart Money Podcast