Beirut 1840: The Bombardment That Ended Egyptian Rule
In 1840, a British-Ottoman-Austrian fleet bombarded Beirut and forced Ibrahim Pasha's Egyptian army out of Lebanon, ending a decade of occupation. This episode explores the naval campaign, the Battle of Beirut, the role of Admiral Charles Napier, and how the city's skyline was reshaped by cannon fire. We discuss the shifting alliances between Muhammad Ali, the Sublime Porte, and European powers, and how local Maronite and Druze leaders like Bashir Shihab II and Bashir Jumblatt navigated the crisis. The episode also covers the Convention of London and the firmans that restored Ottoman control, setting the stage for the 1860 massacres and the Mutasarrifiyya system. A forgotten chapter of Lebanon's 19th-century wars that reveals how great power politics tore and remade the Levant.
#Beirut1840 #IbrahimPasha #MuhammadAli #CharlesNapier #BattleofBeirut #EgyptianOccupation #BashirShihabII #BashirJumblatt #LondonConvention #OttomanEmpire #BritishNavy #Levant #19thCentury #NavalHistory #LebanonHistory #MiddleEastHistory #History #FexingoHistory
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