Stargate SG1 - Learning Curve

In Learning Curve, the SGC has A LOT of learning to do. Because Kalan is not wrong and everyone else is. But also, how exactly do the Urrone learn stuff? It also seems like SG1 is flipping the lore on goa'ulds vs. ancient gods/goddesses on its head. So, which came first now? And there's a brief discussion of archaeoastronomy. It's a cool subject.