Jerusalem 1838: The Khedivate and Egypt's Bid for the Holy City

In 1838, Jerusalem was under Egyptian rule. Muhammad Ali's son Ibrahim Pasha had taken the city from the Ottomans seven years earlier, and the Khedivate of Egypt held it until 1840. This episode explores how Egyptian rule transformed Jerusalem: the restoration of the Citadel, the opening of the city to European consuls and missionaries, the revolt of local peasants and Bedouin, and the pivotal role of the Jerusalem notables. We discuss the Khedivate's modernization efforts, the brief but significant Egyptian period, and how it set the stage for later Ottoman reforms and European influence. Key figures include Muhammad Ali, Ibrahim Pasha, the British consul William Tanner Young, and the local warlord Qasim al-Ahmad. This is a little-known chapter that reshaped Jerusalem's modern history.

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