In 1873, Jerusalem was a sleepy Ottoman backwater when a young British explorer named Charles Warren arrived to dig. Using a shaft-and-tunnel technique he learned in the Crimean War, Warren uncovered the first evidence of ancient Jerusalem's water systems — and sparked a century of archaeological conflict. This episode traces the founding of the Palestine Exploration Fund, the race to dig up biblical sites, and the creation of the Rockefeller Museum in 1938, where thousands of artifacts from Jerusalem's layered past now sit in storage — contested, fragile, and increasingly political. We meet the eccentric figures who shaped the field: Warren, the soldier-archaeologist; Kathleen Kenyon, who revolutionized stratigraphy; and Yigael Yadin, the soldier-statesman-archaeologist. And we ask: who owns the past when every shard of pottery carries a modern claim?
#Jerusalem #Archaeology #RockefellerMuseum #CharlesWarren #PalestineExplorationFund #KathleenKenyon #YigaelYadin #OttomanEmpire #BiblicalArchaeology #TempleMount #CityOfDavid #BritishMandate #MuseumOfTheBible #History #FexingoHistory #MiddleEastHistory #JerusalemHistory #ArchaeologicalControversy
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