Sweden's 1719–1721 Great Northern War Endgame: The Treaty of Nystad

After the Carolean Death March and the fall of Karl XII, Sweden faced a desperate final phase of the Great Northern War. This episode follows the 1719–1721 endgame: the Russian galley fleets ravaging the Swedish coastline, the secret diplomacy of Baron Georg Heinrich von Görtz, the death of Karl XII at Fredriksten, and the eventual Treaty of Nystad (Uudenkaupungin rauha) that ceded Estonia, Livonia, and Ingria to Russia. Lucas and Luna explore how Sweden lost its Baltic empire but kept its independence, the role of the Swedish privy council under Ulrika Eleonora and Fredrik I, and the human cost of the war that reduced Sweden from a great power to a secondary state. They discuss the controversial figure of Görtz, the brutal Russian scorched-earth tactics in the 'fire and sword' campaigns, and the long shadow Nystad cast over Swedish neutrality policy. A story of resilience, diplomacy, and the painful birth of modern Sweden.

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