Sweden's 1809 Constitution: The Compromise That Forged Modern Democracy
In 1809, Sweden lost Finland to Russia and faced political collapse. But out of crisis came a constitution that would shape Swedish democracy for over 200 years. This episode examines the 1809 Instrument of Government — a compromise between royal power and parliamentary control, influenced by Montesquieu and born from a coup. We explore how figures like Georg Adlersparre and Carl Johan Adlercreutz forced King Gustav IV Adolf from power, how the Riksdag wrote a constitution that balanced monarchy and liberty, and why this document — not the one we have today — became the foundation of Sweden's modern state. We also discuss the legacy of the Age of Liberty and why the 1809 constitution lasted until 1974.
#SwedenHistory #1809Constitution #InstrumentOfGovernment1809 #GeorgAdlersparre #CarlJohanAdlercreutz #GustavIVAdolf #CharlesXIII #Riksdag #Montesquieu #SeparationOfPowers #FinnishWar #TreatyOfFredrikshamn #AgeOfLiberty #SwedishCoup #ConstitutionalHistory #Stormaktstiden #History #FexingoHistory
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